The Svelte 5 SSG Migration (#1)
- Migrates the site to Svelte 5 - Still generates a static site with inlined critical path CSS for the ultimate in performance - Opens up future possibilities for site growth Reviewed-on: #1 Co-authored-by: mifi <badmf@mifi.dev> Co-committed-by: mifi <badmf@mifi.dev>
This commit was merged in pull request #1.
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docs/DEPLOYMENT.md
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docs/DEPLOYMENT.md
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# Deployment Guide
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Woodpecker runs the SvelteKit build (`pnpm run build` → `dist/`), builds the Docker image from that output, pushes the image to **Gitea’s container registry**, then triggers a **Portainer stack redeploy** via webhook. The stack on your Linode VPS pulls the new image and recreates the container. Opening a pull request runs a separate workflow (lint, tests, and a test build) on the branch without building or pushing the Docker image.
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## Portainer stack options
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You can run the stack in Portainer in two ways; both use the **pre-built image** (Option A).
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| Option | Description | When to use |
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|--------|-------------|-------------|
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| **Git repository** | Portainer pulls the stack definition from this repo (`docker-compose.yml`). Compose path: `docker-compose.yml`. On webhook: Portainer pulls latest compose + image and redeploys. | Stack definition (ports, env) lives in git; one repo for app + stack. |
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| **Web editor** | You paste the compose YAML in Portainer. No compose file in the repo. On webhook: Portainer pulls the image and redeploys. | You prefer to manage stack only in Portainer and keep the repo app-only. |
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This repo includes `docker-compose.yml` for the **Repository** option. The compose file only references the image (`git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing:latest`); it does not build. In Portainer, enable **Re-pull image** so each webhook pulls the new `:latest` and recreates the stack.
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## Prerequisites
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- Gitea with Woodpecker CI and **container registry** enabled
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- Linode VPS with Docker; Portainer installed and managing that environment
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- Portainer stack created (Repository pointing at this repo, or Web editor with equivalent compose)
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## Step-by-Step Setup
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### 1. Prepare VPS and Portainer
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- Install Docker on the Linode VPS and run Portainer (e.g. as a container or on the host).
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- In Portainer, add your **Gitea registry**: **Settings → Registries → Add registry**. Use the same URL and credentials you use for `REGISTRY_*` in Woodpecker so the host can pull `git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing:latest`.
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### 1b. First-time: push the image so the stack can deploy
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Portainer pulls `git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing:latest`. If that image has never been pushed, you get **manifest unknown**. Push it once (from your machine or by running the Woodpecker pipeline), then create the stack.
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**Option A – Run Woodpecker:** Ensure Woodpecker secrets and variables are set (steps 4–5 below), then push a commit to `main`. The pipeline will build and push the image; after it succeeds, create the stack in Portainer (step 2).
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**Option B – Push from your machine:**
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From the repo root, run `pnpm install` and `pnpm run build` to produce `dist/`, then use Docker (or OrbStack, Colima, Rancher Desktop). **If you’re on Apple Silicon (M1/M2/M3) or another ARM Mac**, the VPS is x86_64, so build for that platform to avoid “exec format error”:
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```bash
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pnpm install
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pnpm run build # SvelteKit → dist/; Critters inlines critical CSS
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docker login git.mifi.dev # use your Gitea username and token/password
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docker buildx build --platform linux/amd64 -t git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing:latest --push .
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```
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Using `--push` (instead of `--load` then `docker push`) sends the amd64 image straight to the registry and avoids local cache mix-ups. If buildx says “multiple platforms not supported”, run `docker buildx create --name multiarch --use` once, then retry.
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On an x86 Mac or Linux PC you can use `docker build -t ... .` and `docker push` if you prefer.
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Then create the stack in Portainer; the image will exist and the deploy will succeed.
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### 2. Create the Portainer stack
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**If using Git repository (recommended):**
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1. **Stacks → Add stack** → name (e.g. `landing`).
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2. Choose **Git repository**.
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3. **Repository URL**: `https://git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing.git` (or your clone URL). Add credentials if the repo is private.
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4. **Repository reference**: `main`.
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5. **Compose path**: `docker-compose.yml`.
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6. Enable **GitOps updates** → **Webhook**. Copy the webhook URL for the Woodpecker secret `portainer_webhook_url`.
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7. Enable **Re-pull image** so each webhook pulls the new image.
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8. Optionally set stack env vars: `LANDING_PORT=8080` (or leave default in compose).
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9. **Deploy the stack**.
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**If using Web editor:**
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1. **Stacks → Add stack** → name (e.g. `landing`).
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2. Choose **Web editor** and paste the same structure as `docker-compose.yml` (service with `image: git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing:latest`, `pull_policy: always`, `ports`, `restart`).
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2. Enable the stack **webhook**, copy the URL for `portainer_webhook_url`.
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3. **Deploy the stack**.
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### 3. Gitea container registry
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Use Gitea’s built-in container registry. Image path:
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- **Registry URL**: `git.mifi.dev`
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- **Image (REGISTRY_REPO)**: `git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing`
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- Create a **Gitea token** or use your password with **package:write** (or equivalent) for the `mifi-ventures/landing` package. Use that as `registry_password` in Woodpecker.
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### 4. Configure Woodpecker Secrets
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Woodpecker has no separate “Variables” UI — add everything under **Repo → Settings → Secrets** in Woodpecker:
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| Name | Value |
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|------|-------|
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| `registry_username` | Your Gitea username (used for `docker login`) |
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| `registry_password` | Gitea token or password (package write to the repo’s registry) |
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| `portainer_webhook_url` | Portainer stack webhook URL (from step 2) |
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`REGISTRY_URL` and `REGISTRY_REPO` are set in `.woodpecker/deploy.yaml`; you don’t need to add them anywhere.
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### 5. Test Deployment
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#### Local Test Build
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The Docker image is built from the contents of `dist/`. That directory is produced by the SvelteKit build, so you must run `pnpm run build` before `docker build` (or let the Dockerfile run it inside the image).
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```bash
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# Clone repo
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git clone https://git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing.git
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cd landing
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# Install deps and build static site (SvelteKit + Critters)
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pnpm install
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pnpm run build
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# Build Docker image (uses dist/ from the previous step if built on host,
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# or the Dockerfile runs the build inside the container)
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docker build -t test .
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# Run locally
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docker run -d -p 8080:80 --name test test
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# Test
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curl http://localhost:8080
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# Cleanup
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docker stop test && docker rm test
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```
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To test the static site without Docker, run `pnpm run preview` after `pnpm run build` and open the URL shown (e.g. http://localhost:4173).
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#### Trigger CI/CD
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```bash
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# Make a small change
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echo "# Test deployment" >> README.md
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# Commit and push to main
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git add README.md
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git commit -m "test: trigger deployment"
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git push origin main
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# Watch pipeline in Woodpecker UI (Gitea → Repository → Pipelines).
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# After build + push, deploy step calls Portainer webhook; Portainer redeploys the stack.
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```
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### 6. Verify Deployment
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After the pipeline completes:
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- In **Portainer**, open the stack and confirm the service is running and the image was pulled.
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- From your machine: `curl http://your-vps-ip:8080` (or the port you set in the stack).
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- In a browser: visit `http://your-vps-ip:8080` (or your domain if you use a reverse proxy).
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## Port Configuration
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The stack compose uses `LANDING_PORT` (default `8080`). Set it in Portainer stack env vars or in `docker-compose.yml`:
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- **Direct port 80**: set `LANDING_PORT=80` in the stack.
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- **Custom port (e.g. behind Traefik)**: set `LANDING_PORT=8080` and proxy 80/443 → 8080.
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**Note**: With Traefik, security headers are added at the proxy level.
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## Traefik Integration Example
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If using Traefik as reverse proxy, add labels to the service in `docker-compose.yml`:
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```yaml
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services:
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landing:
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image: ${LANDING_IMAGE:-git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing:latest}
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pull_policy: always
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restart: unless-stopped
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labels:
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- "traefik.enable=true"
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- "traefik.http.routers.mifi.rule=Host(`mifi.ventures`)"
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- "traefik.http.routers.mifi.entrypoints=websecure"
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- "traefik.http.routers.mifi.tls.certresolver=letsencrypt"
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- "traefik.http.services.mifi.loadbalancer.server.port=80"
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networks:
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- traefik-public
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networks:
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traefik-public:
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external: true
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```
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(Remove or omit `ports` if Traefik is the only entry point.)
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## Common Issues
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### Registry Login Failed (Woodpecker push)
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- Ensure `REGISTRY_URL` is `git.mifi.dev` and `REGISTRY_REPO` is `git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing`.
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- Use a Gitea token with package write permission (or your password if allowed).
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- Test locally: `echo "TOKEN" | docker login git.mifi.dev -u USERNAME --password-stdin`.
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### unauthorized: reqPackageAccess (push rejected after login)
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Gitea accepted your login but denied **package** access. Fix:
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1. **Token scope** – Create a Gitea **Personal Access Token** with **Read & Write** (or equivalent) for **Packages**. Use that token as the password for `docker login git.mifi.dev`.
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2. **Owner in the image path** – The path is `git.mifi.dev/{owner}/{image}`. The **owner** must be a user or org you can publish packages for:
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- If the repo is under org **mifi-ventures**, your user must be a **member** of that org with **Write** (or Admin) so you can create packages under `mifi-ventures`.
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- If the repo is under your **user** (e.g. `mifi/landing`), use **your username** as owner: `git.mifi.dev/mifi/landing` (and set `REGISTRY_REPO` to match in Woodpecker and in `docker-compose.yml`).
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3. **2FA** – If your account uses 2FA, you must use a token; account password alone may not be enough for package push.
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### Portainer Cannot Pull Image
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- In Portainer, add the Gitea registry under **Settings → Registries** with the same URL and credentials.
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- Ensure the stack’s **Re-pull image** (or equivalent) is enabled so redeploys pull the new image.
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### Webhook Returns 4xx/5xx
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- Confirm the webhook URL is correct and the stack exists.
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- In Portainer, open the stack → Webhook and verify the URL matches the secret `portainer_webhook_url`.
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### Container Won’t Start (Portainer)
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- In Portainer, open the stack → service → **Logs**.
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- Check for port conflicts on the host (e.g. another service using the same port).
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- Ensure the Gitea registry is added in Portainer so the image can be pulled.
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### exec format error (exec /docker-entrypoint.sh)
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The container is running an image built for the wrong CPU architecture (e.g. **ARM64** on Apple Silicon vs **AMD64** on Linode).
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1. **Rebuild and push for amd64** (from your Mac, after `docker login git.mifi.dev`):
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```bash
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docker buildx build --platform linux/amd64 -t git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing:latest --push .
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```
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Using `--push` sends the amd64 image straight to the registry. If you see “multiple platforms not supported”, run `docker buildx create --name multiarch --use` once, then retry.
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2. **Force the VPS to pull the new image** — otherwise it may keep using a cached ARM64 copy of `latest`. On the Linode host (SSH):
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```bash
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docker rmi git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing:latest
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```
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Then in Portainer use **Pull and redeploy** (or redeploy with “Re-pull image” enabled) so it pulls the image again. Or redeploy the stack from the Portainer UI after removing the image on the host.
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3. **Confirm the image in the registry is amd64** (optional): after pushing, run `docker buildx imagetools inspect git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing:latest` — the manifest should list `linux/amd64`.
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Woodpecker runs on amd64, so pipeline-built images are already correct for typical VPS hosts.
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## Rollback Procedure
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If a bad image was deployed:
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1. **Portainer**: Open the stack → **Redeploy** with “Re-pull image” off, or edit the stack to use a specific image tag (e.g. `git.mifi.dev/mifi-ventures/landing:<commit-sha>`) if you tag by SHA in Woodpecker.
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2. **Or** in Gitea, revert the commit and push to `main`; the pipeline will build and push a new image, then the webhook will redeploy. Ensure the reverted commit builds successfully.
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## Monitoring
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- **Portainer**: Stack → service → **Logs**, **Inspect**, **Stats**.
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- **On the host** (if you have SSH): `docker ps`, `docker logs <container>`, `docker stats <container>`.
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- **Nginx logs** (from host): `docker exec <container> tail -f /var/log/nginx/access.log` (and `error.log`).
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- **Disk**: Portainer → **Host** → disk usage; or on host: `docker system df`, `docker image prune -af --filter "until=72h"`.
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## Security Checklist
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- [ ] Registry (Gitea) uses authentication; token stored only in Woodpecker secrets
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- [ ] Portainer webhook URL stored only in Woodpecker secrets (not in repo)
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- [ ] VPS firewall configured (ufw or iptables)
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- [ ] Traefik (or reverse proxy) handles TLS termination if used
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- [ ] Container runs as non-root user (nginx user in the image)
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- [ ] Regular security updates on the host (`apt update && apt upgrade`)
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## Next Steps
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1. Set up monitoring (Prometheus + Grafana)
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2. Configure automated backups
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3. Add Slack/Discord notifications to the Woodpecker pipeline
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4. Set up a staging stack in Portainer (e.g. different port or branch)
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5. Optionally tag images by commit SHA in Woodpecker for easier rollback in Portainer
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---
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**Last Updated**: 2026-01-31
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**Maintainer**: Mike Fitzpatrick
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